Abstract
Background: View the rapid spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria worldwide; alternatives to antibiotics are necessary for handling various bacterial infections. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of eight flavonoids isolated from the leaves methanol extract of Bauhinia thonningii against multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria expressing efflux pumps.
Methods: The antibacterial activity of the phytochemicals alone and in the presence of phenylalanine-arginine...
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Effect of combination of doxycycline with natural products against planktonic cells, biofilm, and virulence factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important environmental, opportunistic, and nosocomial pathogen with a significant threat to public health. Combination therapy has many advantages due to the simultaneous action of two drugs on two separate cellular targets. In the present study, the effect of the combination of doxycycline and natural products against planktonic cells, biofilm, and virulence factors of P. aeruginosa was evaluated.
Methods: To perform this work, minimal i...
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A moderately active crude methanol extract from the whole plant of Kalanchoe crenata (Andrews) Haw. (Crassulaceae) strongly potentiated the effect of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria
Abstract
Background: Resistant bacteria develop a high level of resistance to multiple drugs, limiting treatment options and increasing morbidity and mortality. This work was planned to evaluate the antibacterial potential of the methanol extract from the whole plant of Kalanchoe crenata (KCW) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria.
Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and the minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of KCW alone, in the presence of an e...
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Botanical from the bark of Zizyphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae) had weak anti-Klebsiella activity, but strongly potentiated the effects of antibiotics against multidrug-resistant phenotypes
Abstract
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is medically the most important species of this genus. Klebsiella oxytoca also cause infections in human but to a much lesser degree than K. pneumoniae. In this work, the antibacterial potential of the methanol extract from the bark of Zizyphus jujuba (ZJB) was evaluated against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca overexpressing AcrAB-TolC efflux pumps.
Methods: The broth microdilution m...
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Botanicals from Aframomum letestuanum Gagnep. (Zingiberaceae) can overcome the multidrug resistance of Klebsiella species overexpressing AcrAB-TolC efflux pumps
Abstract
Background: Bacteria belonging to the genus Klebsiella have developed resistance mechanisms to clinically used antibiotics, leading to their loss of efficacy. In the present study, the in vitro antibacterial activity of methanol extracts from Aframomum letestuanum, as well as their modes of action against a panel of 14 bacterial species belonging to the genus Klebsiella including multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes overexpressing efflux pumps were evaluated.
Methods: The broth m...
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Antibacterial potential and modes of action of methanol extracts of flowers and leaves of Vernonia glabra (Steetz) Vatke (Asteraceae) against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria overexpressing efflux pumps
Abstract
Background: Bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria remain a public health problem and have contributed to a reduction in the range of antibiotics available for antibiotic therapy. The search for new antibacterial substances is becoming increasingly important, and plants represent an important reservoir of therapeutic molecules. In the present study, the antibacterial activity, and modes of action of Vernonia glabra against Gram-negative and m...
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Antibacterial potential and modes of action of the methanol extracts of Elephantopus mollis Kunth (Asteraceae) against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria overexpressing efflux pumps
Abstract
Background: Bacterial drug resistance still constitutes a major clinical issue. In the present study, the in vitro antibacterial potential, and modes of action of Elephantopus mollis were investigated.
Methods: The antibacterial activity of methanol extracts of the various parts of E. mollis, their association with an efflux pump inhibitor, phenylalanine-arginine β-naphthylamide (PAβN), and the potentiating effect of several standard antibiotics were determined using the broth mi...
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Antidepressant-like effects of the aqueous lyophilizate of the roots bark of Capparis sepiaria (Capparaceae) on an animal’s model of depression
Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder is a common mental illness characterized by persistent low mood, cognitive impairment, anhedonia, weight gain, or loss and several other symptoms, ranging from psychomotor to cognitive impairments. Commonly available antidepressants show side effects and limited efficacy; therefore, an alternative is to be considered. Capparis sepiaria (Capparaceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat mental disorders. The aim of this study was to i...
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Exploring Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) leaf and bark methanol extracts as potential adjuvant therapy in the management of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
Background: After several decades of antibiotic use, pathogenic bacteria have reached alarming levels of resistance. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of nosocomial infections, and treatment is difficult owing to the advent of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This motivates the search for more potent drugs. Foremost, adjuvant compounds that increase the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics are also being researched extensively. The current study examined the anti...
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Effect of vitamin D supplementation on the efficacy of anti-diabetic drugs in streptozotocin- induced albino Wistar rat model
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health challenge that has reached alarming levels worldwide; and due to limitations of existing therapies, the disease has remained an enduring public threat for several decades. Vitamin D deficiency has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus as it can affect several key processes in the development of diabetes and its complications, such as pancreatic insulin secretion, peripheral insulin resistanc...
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