Abstract
Background: Infectious diseases remain a major public health problem in the world with a considerable impact in developing countries. Bacterial infections are of increasing concern due to the emergence and spread of bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Thus, it is necessary to develop methods and means to tackle drug resistance. The present study aimed at evaluating the antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiating activities of eleven Cameroonian medicinal plants: Sambucus nigra, Erigero...
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Antibacterial and antibiotic-modulating activities of Rhinella jimi and three other animal extracts against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative phenotypes
Abstract
Background: The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is one of the major health problems worldwide. The development of novel antimicrobial therapies based on natural products that greatly reduce this resistance is urgent. The present study aimed at evaluating the antimicrobial potential of four animal methanol extracts, Gryllus campestris, Testudo hermanni, Cardisoma guanhumi, and Rhinella jimi as well as their synergistic effects with antibiotics against twenty Gram-negativ...
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Modes of action of the methanol extract and 3-O-[β-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid from Acacia polyacantha against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria
Abstract
Background: Bacterial infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria, remain a global health concern. Previous studies have reported the antibacterial activities of the methanol extract of the leaves of Acacia polyacantha Willd. (Fabaceae) (APL) as well as some of its phytoconstituents. In this study, APL and its constituent, 3-O-[β-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-galactopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid (GGOA) were evaluated on growth kinetics, bacterial...
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Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of roots aqueous extract of Pseudospondias microcarpa (A. Rich.) Engl. (Anarcadiaceae) in mice and rats
Abstract
Background: Pseudospondias microcarpa (P. microcarpa) is a tree belonging to the family Arnacardiaceae. This species is used in traditional medicine to treat pain, inflammation, malaria, and skin diseases. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous extract of P. microcarpa roots.
Methods: Swiss mice and Wistar albino rats were used for the study. The aqueous extract (100, 300, and 600 mg/kg), standards, and water wer...
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Antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiating activities of nine Cameroonian medicinal plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria expressing active efflux pumps
Abstract
Background: In the last ten years, the resistance of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria continuously increased. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiating activities of nine Cameroonian medicinal plants: Cucumeropsis mannii, Lagenaria siceraria, Citrullus lanatus, Cucurbita moschata, Salix ledermannii, Gouania longispicata, Psychotria mapourioides, Conyza aethiopica and Conyza sumatrensis against resistant phenotypes.
Methods: L...
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Efficacy and persistence of essential oil of Monodora myristica against Anopheles gambiae, the main vector of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa
Abstract
Background: Monodora myristica known as calabash or nutmeg, is a tree of the Annonaceae family whose seeds are mainly used as a spice. The control of malaria is still a challenge partly due to mosquito resistance to conventional insecticides. The present work aimed to evaluate the insecticidal effect of the essential oil of M. myristica seeds to enlarge the list of local plants that can be used as insecticides.
Methods: Essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation using the C...
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Anthelmintic effect of Portulaca oleracea Linne (Portulacacea) against gastrointestinal parasites Haemonchus contortus Rudolphi and toxicity screenings
Abstract
Background: The resistance of gastrointestinal worms to synthetic anthelmintics (Levamisole) leads us to highlight the Cameroonian pharmacopoeia. The main objective of the present work is to look for an alternative treatment for haemonchosis, based on active secondary metabolites, from Portulaca oleracea, with less or no side effects and accessible to all.
Methods: The Haemonchus contortus cycle test was performed at varying concentrations. Levamisole and PBS were the positive an...
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GC-MS analysis and physiochemical properties of Enterolobium cyclocarpum (elephant ear) seed oil
Abstract
Background: The present study aimed to extract, evaluate the physicochemical properties, and chemical characterization of the seed Enterolobium cyclocarpum. E. cyclocarpum is a legume of the Leguminosae family. It is used as foliage, for animal feeding and oil is extracted for several application in folk medicine for the treatment of sore throat, colds, diarrhea, headache, intestinal ailments, and stomachache. The leaf infusion is used as a laxative In the West Indies; seeds are che...
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Testicular antioxidants and testosterone enhancing effects of the hydro-ethanolic extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria (Apocynacaea) in male Wistar rats
Abstract
Background: Natural products such as extracts of plants have been seen as a possible alternative to conventional therapies in the treatment and management of male infertility. This study aimed at investigating the testicular antioxidant and testosterone enhancing ability of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria in male rats.
Methods: Twenty-four male rats were divided into four groups of 6 rats each, treated daily with either vehicle (distilled water; 5 mL/kg) or hyd...
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Phytochemical analysis and antibiotic-modulating activity of Cocos nucifera, Glycine max and Musa sapientum methanol extracts against multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria
Abstract
Background: The rapid emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria is occurring worldwide, endangering the efficacy of antibiotics, which have transformed medicine and saved millions of lives. Antibiotic-resistant infections are already widespread in the Sub-Saharan Africa and across the globe. To extend the search for new and more efficient antimicrobial drugs from natural sources, this work has been carried out to study the phytochemical composition and the antibacterial activi...
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